The terms jig and fixture are widely used in the industry to describe auxiliary mechanical devices in the process of assembling, securing, or testing products. Although often used as synonyms, they have distinct technical purposes. Understanding the difference between jig and fixture is essential for designing efficient and standardized testing
5S is a Japanese methodology focused on organization, standardization, and discipline in work environments. It is often the first step in the implementation of Lean culture in factories, laboratories, and offices, and has a direct impact on the efficiency, safety, and quality of industrial processes. Before improving a process, it
Kanban is a visual workflow management system, originally created in Japan by Toyota, aimed at optimizing production, reducing inventory, and increasing efficiency. Using physical or digital cards, Kanban allows real-time tracking of task status, production orders, or material movement. Kanban makes the invisible visible — and turns chaos into flow.
Andon is a visual and audible signaling system used on production lines to indicate the operational status of a cell, machine, or process. It is an essential part of the Lean Manufacturing philosophy, promoting operational transparency, immediate problem resolution, and standardization of failure response. Andon transforms invisible problems into visible
In the manufacturing processes of electronic boards (PCBA), it is essential to ensure that the products are electrically correct and functionally operational. For this, two main types of tests are used: In-Circuit Test (ICT) and Functional Test (FT). Each has a distinct and complementary technical purpose, acting at different moments
USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a widely adopted standard for data transmission and power supply between computers, peripherals, and embedded devices. It is essential in testing environments, electronic production, laboratories, and industrial automation, thanks to its versatility, plug-and-play, and version compatibility. USB connects more than data — it connects robustness,
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a digital interface standard for high-definition audio and video transmission through a single cable. It is widely used in TVs, monitors, computers, set-top boxes, industrial equipment, and test benches where image quality, synchronization, and signal integrity are required. HDMI combines visual quality, digital sound, and
DVB-C means Digital Video Broadcasting – Cable, a European standard for the transmission of digital TV signals via coaxial cable. It allows the transmission of video, audio, and data in high quality through QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), being widely used in pay-TV, set-top boxes, IPTV systems, and RF receiver testing.
TOSLINK (short for TOShiba LINK) is an optical interface standard developed by Toshiba in the 1980s to transmit digital audio signals using optical fiber cable. Widely used in high-fidelity audio (Hi-Fi), TOSLINK is also employed in industrial and laboratory contexts for electrical isolation and transmission immune to electromagnetic interference. Light
The validation of equipment, systems, and processes is essential to ensure that they function correctly, safely, and according to specifications. The IQ/OQ/PQ model is an established methodology in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, medical, and electronic industries, especially those following standards such as GMP, ISO 13485, FDA 21 CFR Part 11,